Organic+chemical+pathways

media type="custom" key="26246612" > nomenclature of alkanes, alkenes, amines, haloalkanes, alkanols (C n H 2n+1 OH), alkanoic acids (C n H 2n+1 COOH) and esters up to C10 > to symmetrical alkenes), substitution reactions of alkanes and primary haloalkanes, oxidation of primary alkanols, and esterification
 * Key knowledge **
 * structure including molecular, structural and semi-structural formulae, and International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC)
 * common reactions of organic compounds including equations: addition reactions of alkenes (addition of hydrogen halides and water limited
 * chemical bonding:
 * primary, secondary and tertiary structures of proteins
 * the role of the tertiary structure of proteins in enzyme action
 * denaturing of proteins: effect of changes in pH and temperature on bonding
 * primary and secondary structure of DNA


 * organic reaction pathways including appropriate equations and reagents:
 * production of esters from alkenes
 * condensation reactions that produce lipids (limited to triglycerides)
 * condensation and polymerisation reactions that produce large biomolecules including carbohydrates, proteins and DNA
 * production of biochemical fuels including the fermentation of sugars to produce ethanol
 * function of organic molecules in the design and synthesis of medicines including the production of aspirin from salicylic acid.